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Alfonso II (1–25 March 1157〔Benito Vicente de Cuéllar (1995), («Los "condes-reyes" de Barcelona y la "adquisición" del reino de Aragón por la dinastía bellónida» ), p. 630-631; in ''Hidalguía''. XLIII (252) pp. 619–632.〕〔"Alfonso II el Casto, hijo de Petronila y Ramón Berenguer IV, nació en Huesca en 1157;". ''Cfr''. Josefina Mateu Ibars, María Dolores Mateu Ibars (1980). (''Colectánea paleográfica de la Corona de Aragon: Siglo IX-XVIII'' ). Universitat Barcelona, p. 546. ISBN 84-7528-694-1, ISBN 978-84-7528-694-5.〕〔Antonio Ubieto Arteta (1987). (''Historia de Aragón. Creación y desarrollo de la Corona de Aragón'' ). Zaragoza: Anúbar, (pp. 177–184 ) § "El nacimiento y nombre de Alfonso II de Aragón". ISBN 84-7013-227-X.〕 – 25 April 1196), called the Chaste or the Troubadour, was the King of Aragon and, as Alfons I, the Count of Barcelona from 1164 until his death.〔〔Ernest Belenguer (2006), ("Aproximación a la historia de la Corona de Aragón" ), p. 26, in Ernest Belenguer, Felipe V. Garín Llombart and Carmen Morte García, ''La Corona de Aragón. El poder y la imagen de la Edad Media a la Edad Moderna (siglos XII – XVIII)'', Sociedad Estatal para la Acción Cultural Exterior (SEACEX); Generalitat Valenciana and Ministerio de Cultura de España: Lunwerg, pp. 25–53. ISBN 84-9785-261-3〕 He was the son of the count Ramon Berenguer IV of Barcelona and the Queen Petronilla of Aragon and the first King of Aragon who was also Count of Barcelona. He was also Count of Provence from 1166 or shortly before,〔 which he acquired from Countess Douce II, until 1173, when he ceded it to his brother Berenguer. His reign has been characterised by nationalistic and nostalgic Catalan historians, as ''l'engrandiment occitànic'' or "the Pyrenean unity": a great scheme to unite various lands on both sides of the Pyrenees under the rule of the House of Barcelona.〔T. N. Bisson, "The Rise of Catalonia: Identity, Power, and Ideology in a Twelfth-Century Society," ''Annales: Economies, Sociétés, Civilisations'', xxxix (1984), translated in ''Medieval France and her Pyrenean Neighbours: Studies in Early Institutional History'' (London: Hambledon, 1989), pp. 179.〕 ==Reign== Born at Huesca,〔 Alfonso, called indistinctly from birth Alfonso and Ramon,〔(Ubieto (1987:184–186) )〕 ascended the united throne of Aragon and Barcelona as Alfonso, in deference to the Aragonese, to honour Alfonso I.〔Luis Suárez Fernández (1976). ''Historia de España Antigua y Media''. Madrid: Rialp, (p. 599 ). ISBN 978-84-321-1882-1.〕 For most of his reign he was allied with Alfonso VIII of Castile, both against Navarre and against the Moorish taifa kingdoms of the south. In his Reconquista effort Alfonso pushed as far as Teruel, conquering this important stronghold on the road to Valencia in 1171. The same year saw him capturing Caspe. Apart from common interests, kings of Aragon and Castile were united by a formal bond of vassalage the former owed to the latter. Besides, on January 18, 1174, in Zaragoza Alfonso married Infanta Sancha of Castile, sister of the Castilian king.〔(Ubieto (1987:202) )〕 Another milestone in this alliance was the Treaty of Cazorla between the two kings in 1179, delineating zones of conquest in the south along the watershed of the rivers Júcar and Segura. Southern areas of Valencia including Denia were thus secured to Aragon. Alfonso also reached an agreement, the Treaty of Sangüesa (1168), with Sancho VI of Navarre dividing the territory of the ''taifa'' of Murcia between them. During his reign Aragonese influence north of the Pyrenees reached its zenith, a natural tendency given the affinity between the Occitan and Catalan dominions of the Crown of Aragon. His realms incorporated not only Provence (from 1166 or just before),〔Víctor Balaguer. (§ "Muerte del Conde de Provenza. Guerras entre el Rey de Aragón y el Conde de Tolosa. Don Alfonso se apodera de la Provenza. (De 1166 a 1168)" ), in ''Historia de Cataluña y de la Corona de Aragon''. Barcelona: Salvador Manero, 1861, vol. II, book V chap. 2, pp. 11–18.〕 but also the counties of Cerdanya (1168) and Roussillon (inherited in 1172).〔Gerardo II of Rosellon (1164–1174) willed in his testament that "the entire Rosellon I give to my lord the king of Aragón" for the loyalty that he had in his sovereign, Alphonso II, who was immediately recognized as king in Perpignan. See José Ángel Sesma Muñoz (2000). ''La Corona de Aragón''. Zaragoza: CAI (Colección Mariano de Pano y Ruata, 18), pp. 59–60.〕 Béarn and Bigorre paid homage to him in 1187. Alfonso's involvement in the affairs of Languedoc, which would cost the life of his successor, Peter II of Aragon, for the moment proved highly beneficial, strengthening Aragonese trade and stimulating emigration from the north to colonise the newly reconquered lands in Aragon. In 1186, he helped establish Aragonese influence in Sardinia when he supported his cousin Agalbursa, the widow of the deceased Judge of Arborea, Barison II, in placing her grandson, the child of her eldest daughter Ispella, Hugh, on the throne of Arborea in opposition to Peter of Serra. Alfonso II provided the first land grant to the Cistercian monks on the banks of the Ebro River in the Aragon region, which would become the site of the first Cistercian monastery in this region. The Monasterio de Piedra was founded in 1194 with thirteen monks from Poblet Monastery, in an old castle next to the Piedra river, the Real Monasterio de Nuestra Senora de Rueda was founded in 1202 and utilized some of the first hydrological technology in the region for harnessing water power and river diversion for the purpose of building central heating. He died at Perpignan in 1196. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Alfonso II of Aragon」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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